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Objective:To describe a systematic approach on identification of poisonous mushroom by investigating two cases of Omphalotus guepiniformis poisoning in Jianyang district, Nanping, Fujian province. Methods:Two incidents of food poisoning on 10 migrant workers were investigated. The remaining suspected mushroom samples were collected and the same fresh mushroom specimens were also collected in the following field investigations from the same dead tree and fallen trunk. These mushroom specimens were identified based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses.Results:On November 24 and 26, 2018, 8 and 2 migrant workers from Jianyang District, Nanping ate wild mushrooms and developed acute nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other symptoms within 10 to 90 min after consumption. They were diagnosed as mushroom poisoning, with gastroenteritis as the main manifestation. Further analysis showed that the more poisonous mushroom were consumed, the shorter latency and longer duration of nausea and vomiting were resulted. After admission, gastric lavage, catharsis, acid preparation, gastric protection, fluid replenishment and other symptomatic support treatments were given in time, all patients were discharged in 1-3 d. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, the samples were identified as O. guepiniformis. Conclusions:The two incidents were caused by accidental consumption of O. guepiniformis. Awareness education about poisonous mushroom should be provided to migrant workers to prevent more such poisoning incidents in the future.
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Objective: To observe the value of multi-sequence MRI texture analysis for predicting efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in uterine cervical carcinoma. Methods: A total of 32 cervical carcinoma patients underwent NACT. Pelvic MRI was performed before and after NACT, and the patients were divided into response group (complete response and partial response) and non-response group (stable disease and progressive disease) according to the standards of response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST). Texture analysis was performed on T2WI, DWI and contrast enhanced (CE) images before NACT. Totally 106 parameters were obtained for each sequence and compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed using the top two significant parameters as independent variables and create formula. By drawing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the predictive value of single factor and regression model of each sequence were obtained, and the comparison was made among sequences. Results: Significant differences of 22 texture features of T2WI, 13 of DWI and 36 of CE were found between response group and non-response group (all P<0.05), and the areas under curve (AUC) using single features for predicting the effect of NACT for cervical cancer were 0.609-0.839, 0.745-0.813 and 0.552-0.786, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis for each sequence showed AUC of 0.839 for T2WI, 0.885 for DWI and 0.766 for CE. Conclusion: Pre-NACT multi-sequence MRI texture analysis has potential in predicting efficacy of NACT in cervical carcinoma, and DWI may be the best.
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Objective To establish acute hepatotoxic model induced by Amanita exitialis and to study the characteristics of acute toxic liver failure induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins,in hope for providing some help to experimental research on poisoning induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins.Methods UPLC-MS/MS (Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) method was used to detect peptide toxins in Amanita exitialis.To establish acute toxic liver hepatic failure model,the beagles were fed with 60 mg/kg of lyophilized powder of Amanita exitialis fungus which encapsulated in starch capsules.Toxic sighs were observed,coagulation function,hepatic and renal function,liver histopathological morphology,peptide toxin concentration in plasma and urine were detected during the experiment.Results Total peptide toxins in Amanita exitialis was (3 482.6 ± 124.94) mg/ kg.All the beagles had toxic signs including vomiting and diarrhea in 12-48 h after ingestion.On 24 h after ingestion,the beagles' ALT,AST,TBIL,ALP,PT and APTT levels increased obviously.On 36 h after ingestion,the beagles' ALT,AST,PT and APTT values reached their peaks (ALT:283.2 ± 112.9 Kallmann unit;AST:223.9 ±93.8 Kallmann units;PT:132.9 ± 152.6 s;APTT:131.4 ± 153.9 s).On 48 h after ingestion,the beagles' TBIL and ALP levels reached their peaks (TBIL:23.3 ± 14.6 mol/L;ALP:274.5 ± 115.5 U/L).The beagles' TBIL,TP and APTT returned to normal 1 week after ingestion,their ALT,AST and ALP levels returned to normal 3 weeks after ingestion.Three dogs died during 24-72 h after ingestion.Liver histopathological morphology study showed hemorrhagic necrosis of hepatocytes.Peptide toxins can be detected in plasma within 24 h after ingestion.Peptide toxins can be detected in urine within 96 h after ingestion.Conclusion Amanita peptide toxins can cause hemorrhagic necrosis of liver cells and lead to acute liver failure.This model is consistent with clinical pathophysiological process of acute toxic liver failure induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins,and it can be applied to the study of diagnosis and treatment of poisoning induced by mushrooms containing peptide toxins.
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Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate in compound methoxsalen lotions. Methods:An HPLC method was used. The determination was performed on a Sunfire C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm ) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water ( 60∶40 ) at the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The column temperature was kept at 30℃, the detection wavelength was set at 240nm and the injection volume was 20μl. Results:Methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate showed good linear relationship within the range of 12.71-101.68 mg·L-1(r=0.999 9) and 10.03-80.25 mg·L-1(r=0. 999 7) with the average recovery of 99. 32%(RSD=0. 11%, n=9 ) and 99. 63%(RSD=0. 20%,n=9) , respectively. Conclu-sion:The method is simple, accurate and repeatable, and suitable for the determination of methoxsalen and dexamethasone acetate in compound methoxsalen lotions.